The UMWA 1974 Pension Plan, the UMWA 1993 Benefit Plan and the Cash Deferred Savings Plan were established through periodic collective bargaining between the United Mine Workers of America (“UMWA”) and the Bituminous Coal Operators’ Association, Inc. (“BCOA”). The Combined Benefit Fund and the 1992 Benefit Plan were established by Congress in the Coal Industry Retiree Health Benefit Act of 1992 (“Coal Act”). A separate Board of Trustees administers each of the five plans. At present, the Funds provides benefits to approximately 113,000 beneficiaries.